1/2/2024 0 Comments Hat on head unpackingI was on the jury, but I wasn’t consulted, because the officials didn't know that it was I who had sent it in I had written the name "Mutt" on it to avoid connection with the personal. A work can’t be rejected by the Independents. For this reason the work was "suppressed" (Duchamp's expression). Duchamp resigned from the Board, and "withdrew" Tulip Hysteria Co-ordinating in protest. After much debate by the board members (most of whom did not know Duchamp had submitted it, as he had submitted the work 'under a pseudonym') about whether the piece was or was not art, Fountain was hidden from view during the show. Īt the time Duchamp was a board member of the Society of Independent Artists. Thus, from the start, there was an interplay of Mutt: a fat little funny man, and Jeff: a tall thin man. But Mott was too close so I altered it to Mutt, after the daily cartoon strip "Mutt and Jeff" which appeared at the time, and with which everyone was familiar. Mutt comes from Mott Works, the name of a large sanitary equipment manufacturer. The artist brought the urinal to his studio at 33 West 67th Street, reoriented it 90 degrees from its originally intended position of use, and wrote on it, "R. Ī miniature of Fountain appears in Duchamp's Boîte-en-valise, Cleveland Museum of ArtĪccording to one version, the creation of Fountain began when, accompanied by artist Joseph Stella and art collector Walter Arensberg, Duchamp purchased a standard Bedfordshire model urinal from the J. įountain is included in the Marcel Duchamp catalogue raisonné by Arturo Schwarz The complete works of Marcel Duchamp (number 345). Some have suggested that the original work was by the female artist Elsa von Freytag-Loringhoven who had submitted it to Duchamp as a friend, but art historians maintain that Duchamp was solely responsible for Fountain's presentation. Sixteen replicas were commissioned from Duchamp in the 1950s and 1960s and made to his approval. The work is regarded by art historians and theorists of the avant-garde as a major landmark in 20th-century art. Following that removal, Fountain was photographed at Alfred Stieglitz's studio, and the photo published in the Dada journal The Blind Man. Fountain was not rejected by the committee, since Society rules stated that all works would be accepted from artists who paid the fee, but the work was never placed in the show area. When explaining the purpose of his Readymade sculpture, Duchamp stated they are "everyday objects raised to the dignity of a work of art by the artist's act of choice." In Duchamp's presentation, the urinal's orientation was altered from its usual positioning. In April 1917, an ordinary piece of plumbing chosen by Duchamp was submitted for an exhibition of the Society of Independent Artists, the inaugural exhibition by the Society to be staged at The Grand Central Palace in New York. įountain is a readymade sculpture by Marcel Duchamp in 1917, consisting of a porcelain urinal signed "R. The backdrop is The Warriors by Marsden Hartley. Marcel Duchamp Fountain, 1917, photograph by Alfred Stieglitz at 291 art gallery following the 1917 Society of Independent Artists exhibit, with entry tag visible.
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